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ORAL PRESENTATION / SÖZLÜ SUNUM

Determination of Antibacterial Properties of
Nigella sativa Oil and Comparison with Some Antibiotics

Ayşe KANICI TARHANE 1,* Serdal TARHANE
2

1 Kafkas University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kars, TÜRKIYE
2 Çankırı Karatekin University, Eldivan Vocational School of Health Services, Veterinary Department,
Laborant and Veterinary Health Program, Çankırı, TÜRKIYE

*Correspound Author: akanici@hotmail.com

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is one of the major health problems faced today. As a result
of the uncontrolled use of antibiotics, disease agents (bacteria and microorganisms) may develop
resistance to antibiotics. The resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is increasing, and this is taking
humanity back to the age before the discovery of antibiotics. Therefore, researching alternative and
natural antibacterial substances is of great importance. Nigella sativa is a medicinal plant widely
used in Asia and the Middle East. Bioactive compounds such as thymoquinone contained in Nigella
sativa oil are known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. In this study, it
was aimed to determine the antibacterial effects of Nigella sativa oil on different bacterial species
under in vitro conditions and to compare its antibacterial effect with the effect of some antibiotics.
For this purpose, pure oil was obtained from Nigella sativa seeds by cold pressing method and
stored in colored sterile bottles before antibiogram testing. Disk diffusion method was used to
investigate the antibacterial effect of Nigella sativa oil. Field strains of Staphylococcus aureus,
Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimirium were used in
the method. In order to determine the antibacterial effect of Nigella sativa oil and compare it with
the effect of some antibiotics, disks containing antibiotics such as Cloxacillin 5g, Cefoperazone
75g, Penicillin 40g and Amoxicillin 25g were used. In addition, empty antibiotic discs were
impregnated with 20 μl of black cumin oil and inoculated onto Mueller Hinton agar medium, and the
zones formed around the discs were evaluated by measuring with a ruler.
Nigella sativa oil has shown strong antibacterial effects, especially on gram-positive bacteria.
Inhibition zones on B. cereus and S. aureus were found to be wider than beta-lactam antibiotics such
as Cloxacillin and Penicillin. It also created a wider inhibition zone on L. monocytogenes than other
antibiotics. This can be explained by the cell wall-weakening effect of thymoquinone and other
phenolic compounds contained in Nigella sativa oil.
Although the effectiveness of black cumin oil against gram-negative bacteria is lower than
antibiotics, it has been observed to be more effective than Penicillin and Cloxacillin on E. coli.
Cefoperazone, a broad-spectrum third-generation cephalosporin, produced the highest zone of
inhibition against S. aureus. Although Cefoperazone and Amoxicillin were resistant to B. Cereus,
Nigella sativa oil produced the highest zone against B. Cereus. In general, it is clear that Nigella sativa
oil is effective enough to be an alternative to some antibiotics.
The data obtained in this study reveal that Nigella sativa oil may be a natural antimicrobial
agent, especially effective against gram-positive bacteria. With further studies on strains resistant to
beta-lactam antibiotics in particular, Nigella sativa oil can be evaluated as a natural antibacterial
agent for alternative treatment. For its use in clinical applications, it must be supported by
toxicological and pharmacokinetic analyses.
Keywords: Nigella sativa Oil, Antibacterial, Cloxacillin, Penicillin, Cefoperazone, Amoxicillin.

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