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POSTER PRESENTATION / POSTER SUNUM

Pharmacokinetics and Oral Bioavailability of Ampicillin
and Bacampicillin in Chickens and Turkeys

Kerem Guzelaydin¹ Yigit Gunes Ceren Anlas Murat Yildirim
2
2
2
,*

¹Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul, TÜRKIYE
2 Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Istanbul, TÜRKIYE

*Correspound Author: guzelaydinkerem@gmail.com

This study aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics of ampicillin (AMP) and its prodrug
bacampicillin (BAC) in poultry. Chickens and Turkeys were administered a single 25 mg/kg

dose of intravenous (i.v.) AMP, oral AMP, and oral BAC. A total of 30 animals from both
species were divided into three groups (n = 10). Blood samples were collected from the

subcutaneous ulnar vein at designated time points between 0 and 12 hours after
administration. Plasma AMP and BAC concentrations were analyzed by high-performance

liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector, and data were evaluated using
non-compartmental pharmacokinetic methods.

The area under the curve from 0 to 12 h, apparent total systemic, the apparent volume
of distribution, and mean residence time differed significantly according to the

administration routes. The terminal elimination half-life values for the i.v. AMP, oral AMP,

and oral BAC routes were 1.81, 3.64, and 5.39 h (P=0.0249, P<0.05), respectively, in
chickens, and 2.44, 2.53, and 5.5 h (P<0.0001), respectively, in Turkeys. The bioavailability

for the oral AMP and oral BAC groups in chickens was 25.9% and 44.6%, respectively.
Similarly, in Turkeys, the bioavailability was 19.1% and 44.2% for the oral AMP and oral BAC

groups, respectively.
In conclusion, the oral bioavailability of BAC is significantly higher than that of AMP.

Therefore, BAC is considered preferable for the treatment of many infections caused by both
gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms in poultry. However, further studies are

needed to determine the clinical efficacy of BAC in bacterial infections and its
pharmacokinetics and safety in repeated doses.

Keywords: Bioavailability, Pharmacokinetics, Ampicillin, Prodrug, Poultry.

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