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POSTER PRESENTATION / POSTER SUNUM

A Rapid and Sensitive HPLC Method for the Determination of Aflatoxin
(AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, AFM1) Residues in Chicken Muscle, Liver and Eggs

Kubra DELIKLITAS¹ * Cengiz GOKBULUT 2 Büşra Aslan AKYOL
,
1

¹Balikesir University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology
and Toxicology, Balikesir, TÜRKİYE

2 Balikesir University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Balikesir,
TÜRKİYE

*Correspound Author: kbatimor@gmail.com

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites secreted by fungi such as Aspergillus spp. and
Penicillium spp. Depending on the type of mycotoxin, the amount and duration of exposure,
they have various adverse effects on health. In addition to direct adverse effects on health,
they also have indirect effects through residues in meat, milk and egg products from animals
fed contaminated feed. Among mycotoxins, aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, AFM1) are
classified as Group 1 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),
in addition to causing adverse health effects. In this study, the aim was to develop a quick,
easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe chromatographic analysis method using HPLC to
determine aflatoxin residues in chicken meat, chicken liver, and eggs, which are important
protein sources in daily food consumption. In this study, the aim was to develop a fast, easy,
and sensitive chromatographic analysis method using HPLC to determine aflatoxin residues
in chicken meat, chicken liver, and eggs. For this aim, chicken meat and liver samples and
eggs (yolk and white combination) with aflatoxin added at different concentrations (0, 0.1,
0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5 ng/g) were extracted using the modified QuEChERS method and analysed
by combined HPLC with a post-column derivatisation using Kobra Cell. HPLC analysis was
performed using a C18 analytical column (Zorbax, Eclipse Plus, 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) in
a gradient programme with potassium bromide-nitric acid water, acetonitrile:methanol:
water (37.5:37.5:25, v/v/v), flow rate 1 ml/min, and a fluorescence detector (358 nm-430
nm) in 19 minutes. The suitability of the method was evaluated based on recovery, accuracy,
intra-day and inter-day variation parameters. As a result, the detection limits for aflatoxins
were found to be in the range of 0.031-0.040 ng/g, and the quantification limits were in the
range of 0.93-0.12 ng/g. The recovery rates of all analysed species of aflatoxin were
determined as 87.65-90.85% for AFB1, 79.55-90.45% for AFB2, 89.15-97.92% for AFG1,
88.32-91.33% for AFG2, and 90.24-93. The inter-laboratory repeatability coefficient of
variation for AFB1 was calculated to be 4.84–8.61, for AFB2 2.46–5.17, for AFG1 2.82–
8.55, for AFG2 5.75–9.16, and for AFM1 2.87–7.53. The developed and validated method is
fast, easy and sensitive and can be used for the analysis of multiple residues of aflatoxins in
chicken meat, liver, and eggs.
Keywords: Aflatoxin, residue, mycotoxin, chicken, liver, egg, QuEChERS.

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