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POSTER PRESENTATION / POSTER SUNUM

Local and Systemic Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics

Arda SAĞIR 1,* Zehra Kelime KASAKOLU Ayhan FİLAZİ
1
2

1 Ankara University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Veterinary Pharmacology and

Toxicology, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
2 Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and

Toxicology, Ankara, TÜRKİYE

*Correspound Author: asagir@ankara.edu.tr

Probiotics are defined as bacteria that, when administered correctly, have beneficial
effects on the host. The presence of significant beneficial effects in humans and animals, as
opposed to a few side effects, makes probiotics a promising tool in modern medical
treatment. It has been demonstrated that deterioration of the intestinal microbiota, or a shift
towards pathogenic microorganisms, can cause infectious diseases and autoimmune
problems in animals and humans. This demonstrates the relationship between the intestinal
microbiota and other organs, such as the liver and brain. Currently, alongside traditional
treatments for diseases caused by a disrupted microbiota or other factors, the symbiotic
relationships that probiotics establish with the body's systems are being utilized. While
initially used only to support treatment, recent studies show that probiotics are the main
element in treatment protocols called 'probiotherapy'. Additionally, they are commonly used
to prevent post-treatment complications. Due to their synergistic relationship with host
immunity, probiotics are actively used in clinics to treat autoimmune, infectious, cancerous
and genetically based diseases. However, the relationships between the probiotics used in
probiotherapy and the host's systems are complex and have not yet been fully elucidated.
Among the main mechanisms of probiotic action, it is known that they increase the mucosal
barrier, prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria by multiplying in the intestine, reduce
bacterial invasion of the intestinal epithelium, strengthen the immune system and regulate
the central nervous system. In addition to these known effects, it has been demonstrated
that probiotics also exert systemic effects alongside local effects through the metabolites
they produce. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear.
The purpose of this study is therefore to compile research on probiotics increasingly used in
current treatments, and to reveal gaps in our knowledge of the local and systemic
mechanisms of action of these probiotics.

Keywords: Probiotic, probiotherapy, therapy, medicine, mechanism of action.

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